Volcanoes & Views: Hiking Hawaii’s Most Thrilling Trails

Hawaii’s volcanic landscapes offer some of the most breathtaking and unique hiking experiences in the world. From traversing solidified lava fields to ascending lush rainforest trails that lead to caldera rims, the islands provide adventurers with unparalleled views and a direct connection to the raw power of nature. This article dives into the details of some of Hawaii’s most thrilling volcanic hikes, offering practical information, insider tips, and safety considerations to help you plan an unforgettable adventure.

Volcanoes National Park: A Hiker’s Paradise

Volcanoes National Park, located on the Big Island of Hawaii, is a UNESCO World Heritage site and the crown jewel of volcanic hiking. The park boasts a diverse range of trails, from easy strolls across volcanic craters to challenging climbs through dense rainforests. Remember that conditions can change rapidly, so always check the official NPS website for alerts and closures before your visit.

Kilauea Iki Trail: Hiking into a Crater

The Kilauea Iki Trail is arguably one of the most popular hikes in Volcanoes National Park, and for good reason. This 4-mile loop takes you down into the Kilauea Iki crater, a volcanic crater that dramatically erupted in 1959. The hike starts along the crater rim, offering panoramic views of the solidified lava lake below. The descent is steep but manageable, leading you through a lush rainforest environment filled with native flora like giant ferns and ‘ōhi’a trees.

Once on the crater floor, you’ll be walking across the solidified lava lake itself. The landscape is surreal, with cracks, fissures, and steam vents emerging from the ground. Be sure to stay on the marked trail as the volcanic rock can be unstable in some areas. The return ascent is also quite steep, so be prepared for a good workout.

Practical Tips:

• Difficulty: Moderate to Strenuous
• Distance: 4 miles (loop)
• Elevation Gain: 400 feet
• Time: 2-3 hours
• Cost: Entrance fee to Volcanoes National Park ($30 per vehicle, valid for 7 days)
• Directions: From the park entrance, follow Crater Rim Drive to the Kilauea Iki Overlook parking area.
• Recommendation: Hike early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid the midday heat. Wear sturdy hiking shoes, bring plenty of water, and apply sunscreen.

Crater Rim Trail: An Overview of Kilauea

For a less strenuous but equally rewarding experience, hike a portion of the Crater Rim Trail. This trail circles the Kilauea caldera, offering various viewpoints into the crater, steam vents, and surrounding landscape. Several sections of the trail are paved and easily accessible.

A particularly interesting section is the walk past the Halema’uma’u Crater Overlook. This overlook provides the best views of the currently active Halema’uma’u crater, which has experienced dramatic changes in recent years. Don’t forget to visit the Jaggar Museum (currently closed) to learn more about the volcanic activity in the park and view seismograph monitors tracking the Earth’s movements.

Practical Tips:

• Difficulty: Easy to Moderate (depending on the section hiked)
• Distance: Varies (sections of the loop can be hiked)
• Elevation Gain: Minimal
• Time: Depends on how much you hike
• Cost: Entrance fee to Volcanoes National Park ($30 per vehicle, valid for 7 days)
• Directions: Access from various points along Crater Rim Drive.
• Recommendation: Choose a section based on your fitness level and available time. Check the park’s website for any closures or advisories related to volcanic activity.

Thurston Lava Tube (Nāhuku): A Walk Through Underground History

The Thurston Lava Tube (Nāhuku) is a fascinating geological feature formed about 500 years ago when a river of lava flowed through the area, leaving behind a hollow tunnel. The tube is now open for exploration, offering a unique glimpse into the inner workings of a volcano.

The walk through the tube is relatively short (about 1/3 mile), but the experience is unforgettable. The tunnel is illuminated, making it easy to see the unique rock formations and dripstone patterns on the walls. Outside the entrance to the tube, a beautiful rainforest thrives, adding to the appeal.

Practical Tips:

• Difficulty: Easy
• Distance: 0.3 miles (loop)
• Elevation Gain: Minimal
• Time: 30-45 minutes
• Cost: Entrance fee to Volcanoes National Park ($30 per vehicle, valid for 7 days)
• Directions: Located off Crater Rim Drive, near the Kilauea Iki Overlook.
• Recommendation: Visit early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid crowds.

Mauna Loa: Hiking to the Summit of a Giant

For experienced hikers seeking a challenging and rewarding experience, consider hiking to the summit of Mauna Loa, the world’s largest active volcano (by volume and area). The hike is long and strenuous, requiring several days of backpacking and careful planning. Be certain to be prepared for high altitude conditions.

The most common route to the summit is via the Mauna Loa Trail, which starts at the Mauna Loa Observatory. This trail is approximately 36 miles round trip and gains over 13,000 feet in elevation. Hikers typically take 3-4 days to complete the hike, camping at designated sites along the way.

Important Considerations:

• Altitude Sickness: The summit of Mauna Loa is over 13,000 feet above sea level, so altitude sickness is a serious concern. Acclimatize gradually by spending time at higher elevations before your hike. Drink plenty of water and avoid strenuous activity until your body adjusts. If you experience symptoms of altitude sickness, such as headache, nausea, or dizziness, descend immediately.
• Weather Conditions: The weather on Mauna Loa can be unpredictable and extreme. Be prepared for cold temperatures, strong winds, rain, and even snow. Pack layers of clothing, including waterproof outerwear, a warm hat, and gloves.
• Permits and Reservations: Permits are required for camping in Volcanoes National Park. Reservations are highly recommended, especially during peak season. Check the National Park Service website for details on permit requirements and reservation procedures.
• Water: There is no reliable water source along the Mauna Loa Trail. You must carry all the water you will need for the entire hike. A good rule of thumb is to carry at least one gallon of water per person per day.
• Experience: This hike is only suitable for experienced hikers with excellent physical fitness and a thorough understanding of wilderness backpacking techniques.

Diamond Head (Lē’ahi): Iconic Views of Waikiki

On the island of Oahu, Diamond Head (Lē’ahi) offers a shorter but equally rewarding volcanic hiking experience. This iconic landmark is a tuff cone formed by a single explosive eruption approximately 300,000 years ago. The trail to the summit is a relatively easy 1.6-mile roundtrip hike, providing panoramic views of Waikiki, Honolulu, and the surrounding coastline.

The trail is paved and well-maintained, making it accessible to hikers of all skill levels. However, there are some steep sections and stairs to climb, so be prepared for a moderate workout. Along the way, you’ll pass through old military bunkers and fortifications, remnants of Diamond Head’s strategic role in defending Honolulu.

Practical Tips:

• Difficulty: Moderate
• Distance: 1.6 miles (roundtrip)
• Elevation Gain: 560 feet
• Time: 1-2 hours
• Cost: Reservation Fee and Entrance Fee. As of May 12, 2022, all out-of-state visitors must have advanced reservations to enter Diamond Head State Monument. Reservations can be made up to 30 days in advance, and no later than the day before your visit. Hawaii residents are still free to enter. Official State Parks Website for more info.
• Directions: Diamond Head State Monument is located at the end of Diamond Head Road in Honolulu.
• Recommendation: Make reservations in advance! Hike early in the morning to avoid the heat and crowds. Bring water, sunscreen, and a hat.

Hiking Considerations Beyond Volcanoes National Park:

While Volcanoes National Park and Diamond Head are arguably the most famous volcanic hikes in Hawaii, there are several other trails that offer unique perspectives on the islands’ volcanic landscapes.

Pololū Valley Lookout Trail: Big Island

A steep but short hike down a cliff to a beautiful black sand beach. The views from the top are spectacular, and the beach at the bottom is worth the challenging trek.

Practical Tips:

• Difficulty: Moderate
• Distance: 0.6 miles (roundtrip)
• Elevation Gain: 260 feet
• Cost: Free
• Directions: At the very end of Highway 270.
• Recommendation: Wear good shoes as this hike can be slippery.

Hiking on Other Islands

The islands of Maui, Kauai, and Molokai also feature trails that showcase volcanic formations and landscapes, although perhaps now as directly as the Big Island. The Iao Valley State Monument on Maui, for example, offers a glimpse into the eroded remnants of a volcanic caldera. The Sleeping Giant Trail (Nounou Mountain East Trail) on Kauai provides not only a great hike, but also possible origins of the mountain itself began with volcanic activity. Doing some research before your trip to these, and other islands will reveal great places to add to your travel list!

Staying Safe on Volcanic Hikes

Volcanic landscapes can be beautiful, but they can also be dangerous. Here are some essential safety tips to keep in mind when hiking in Hawaii’s volcanic areas:

• Be Aware of Volcanic Hazards: Active volcanoes can emit harmful gases, such as sulfur dioxide, which can cause respiratory problems. Be aware of the potential for eruptions and lava flows. Check the US Geological Survey (USGS) website for the latest information on volcanic activity and hazards.
• Stay on Marked Trails: Wandering off marked trails can lead to dangerous situations, such as falling into cracks or fumaroles. Always stay on the designated trails and follow any posted warnings.
• Wear Appropriate Clothing and Footwear: Volcanic rock can be sharp and abrasive, so wear sturdy hiking shoes and long pants to protect your feet and legs.
• Bring Plenty of Water: Hiking in volcanic areas can be hot and dry. Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated.
• Protect Yourself from the Sun: The sun can be intense in Hawaii, so wear sunscreen, a hat, and sunglasses to protect yourself from sunburn.
• Be Prepared for Changing Weather Conditions: The weather in Hawaii can change quickly, especially at higher elevations. Be prepared for rain, wind, and cold temperatures. Pack layers of clothing and rain gear.
• Inform Someone of Your Plans: Before heading out on a hike, let someone know your planned route and expected return time. This is especially important if you are hiking alone.
• Carry a First-Aid Kit: A basic first-aid kit should include bandages, antiseptic wipes, pain relievers, and any personal medications you may need.

Respecting Hawaiian Culture

When hiking in Hawaii, it’s important to respect the local culture and traditions. Here are a few things to keep in mind:

• Ask Permission Before Entering Private Property: Many hiking trails cross private land. Be sure to ask permission before entering.
• Avoid Disturbing Cultural Sites: Many volcanic areas are sacred to Native Hawaiians. Avoid disturbing any cultural sites or artifacts.
• Pack Out Everything You Pack In: Leave no trace behind. Pack out all your trash and dispose of it properly.
• Be Respectful of the Local Environment: Avoid damaging plants or disturbing wildlife.

FAQ Section

Q: What is the best time of year to hike in Hawaii?

A: The best time to hike in Hawaii is during the shoulder seasons (April-May and September-October). The weather is generally mild and dry, and the crowds are smaller than during the peak summer and winter months.

Q: Do I need a permit to hike in Volcanoes National Park?

A: You need a permit for camping in the park. Day hiking generally doesn’t require a permit, but check the National Park Service website for any specific trail closures or advisories.

Q: Are there guided hiking tours available?

A: Yes, several companies offer guided hiking tours in Hawaii. A guided tour can be a great option if you’re new to hiking or want to learn more about the local geology, flora, and fauna. Search online for local tour operators.

Q: Can I see lava flowing in Volcanoes National Park?

A: Lava flow activity varies. While surface flows are less frequent now than in the past, visiting the park still offers unique volcanic experiences like steam vents and views of lava fields. Always check the current conditions at the visitor center.

Q: What should I do if I encounter a wild animal on the trail?

A: Generally, you should observe Hawaiian wildlife from a distance. Do not feed them or approach them. If you encounter a feral pig or other potentially aggressive animal, make noise and slowly back away.

References

• National Park Service – Volcanoes National Park
• US Geological Survey – Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
• Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources

Ready to experience the unparalleled beauty and power of Hawaii’s volcanic landscapes? Start planning your hiking adventure today! Research the trails, make your reservations, pack your gear, and prepare for an unforgettable journey into the heart of these magnificent islands. Whether you’re gazing into a volcanic crater, trekking across solidified lava, or simply enjoying the panoramic views, Hawaii’s volcanic hikes will leave you with memories that last a lifetime. Book your flight, pack your boots, and get ready to explore the incredible, volcanic side of Hawaii!