Epic Volcanic Hikes & Stargazing: Big Island’s Ultimate Adventure Guide

The Big Island of Hawaii offers an unparalleled adventure: hiking across volcanic landscapes by day and gazing at a sky ablaze with stars by night. This guide helps you plan your ultimate Big Island experience, exploring its active volcanoes and embracing its dark skies.

Volcanic Hikes: A Journey Through Fire and Earth

The Big Island’s volcanic activity has shaped its landscape into a breathtaking canvas of black sand beaches, hardened lava flows, and lush rainforests. Hiking here isn’t just a walk; it’s an immersion into the raw power of creation. Remember to always check the current volcanic activity status and trail conditions before heading out, which you can find on the National Park Service website for Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park.

Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park: A Hiker’s Paradise

This park is a must-visit. It’s home to Kīlauea, one of the world’s most active volcanoes. Here are some unforgettable trails:

Kīlauea Iki Trail: This 4-mile loop takes you down into the crater of Kīlauea Iki, which erupted dramatically in 1959. You’ll traverse a hardened lava lake, feeling the heat radiating from the earth and marveling at the cinder cones. The trail begins at the Kīlauea Iki Overlook, offering panoramic views before your descent. Expect the hike to take 2-3 hours, and remember to bring plenty of water and sunscreen, as there’s little shade. The cost is entrance to the National Park ($30 per vehicle, valid for 7 days). Also important, wear sturdy hiking boots as the lava rock can be very uneven.

Crater Rim Trail: For a less strenuous but equally rewarding experience, hike the Crater Rim Trail. This trail offers spectacular views of the Kīlauea caldera. Key viewpoints include Jaggar Museum Overlook (check if the museum is open) and the Steam Vents area. Parts of the trail may be closed due to volcanic activity or maintenance, so always research closures before you go. The trail is paved in sections, making it accessible to a wider range of hikers. Allow 1-2 hours to explore the accessible sections and various overlooks.

Thurston Lava Tube (Nāhuku): This is a fascinating geological feature. The lava tube was formed an estimated 500 years ago when a river of lava flowed through this area, leaving behind a hollow cave. The tube is now well-lit and easily accessible. It’s a short, 20-minute walk. However, it is a fascinating and unique geological feature. Consider visiting early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid peak crowds.

Devastation Trail: This easy, half-mile paved trail offers stunning views of a landscape dramatically changed by the 1959 Kīlauea Iki eruption. You’ll see the eerie sight of tree molds – hollow casts left behind when lava engulfed and then burned away entire trees. It’s a stark reminder of the volcano’s power. It’s fully accessible but remember the sun is strong here and there isn’t much shade.

Beyond the Park: Hidden Volcanic Gems

While Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park is the star attraction, other volcanic hikes on the Big Island offer a glimpse into less-visited landscapes.

Mauna Loa Observatory Trail: This challenging hike takes you to the summit of Mauna Loa, the world’s largest active volcano (by volume). Beginning at the Mauna Loa Observatory (at around 11,000 feet) the trail climbs to the true summit at over 13,600 feet. The hike is strenuous due to the altitude and the rugged terrain. Be prepared for extreme weather conditions, including cold temperatures, strong winds, and potential snow. You definitely need to acclimatize to the elevation before attempting. A permit is required for overnight camping and you should consult with the National Park Service regarding trail conditions and weather forecasts before attempting this high peak. This is not to be undertaken lightly and is only suitable for very experienced hikers.

Green Sands Beach (Papakōlea Beach) Hike: This remote beach, one of only four green sand beaches in the world, is a must-see. The green color comes from olivine crystals eroded from a nearby cinder cone. To reach the beach, you will need to hike approximately 5 miles round trip across a relatively flat, but sometimes sandy and exposed landscape. There is an option to pay local residents to drive you in their 4×4 vehicles (around $20 per person, round trip), but hiking is a rewarding experience. Bring water, sunscreen, and sturdy shoes. Be respectful of the fragile environment and avoid climbing or disturbing the cinder cone. Driving yourself to the trailhead requires a 4×4 vehicle but is not recommended as it is damaging to the trail.

Practical Tips for Volcanic Hikes

• Check the weather forecast: Volcanic areas are prone to unexpected weather changes, including rain, fog, and strong winds. Before you go, check the weather report for your destination and be prepared for all weather conditions.
• Wear appropriate clothing: Dress in layers, including a moisture-wicking base layer, an insulating middle layer, and a waterproof outer layer. Wear sturdy hiking boots or shoes with good traction.
• Bring enough water and food: Hydration is critical, especially at higher elevations or in hot weather. Carry at least two liters of water per person, and bring along high-energy snacks like trail mix, energy bars, or fruit.
• Protect yourself from the sun: Wear sunscreen, a hat, and sunglasses to protect yourself from the intense Hawaiian sun.
• Stay on marked trails: Venturing off-trail can be dangerous due to unstable terrain, hidden lava tubes, and potential hazards. Stick to well-marked trails and follow any posted warnings or closures.
• Be aware of volcanic gases: Volcanic areas can emit gases like sulfur dioxide (SO2), which can be irritating to the eyes, nose, and throat. If you have respiratory problems, exercise caution and consider wearing a respirator mask.
• Respect the environment: Pack out everything you pack in, and avoid disturbing plants or animals. Leave no trace of your visit.

Stargazing: Unveiling the Cosmic Wonders

The Big Island is widely regarded as one of the best places in the world for stargazing. Its high altitude, dry climate, and minimal light pollution create ideal conditions for observing the cosmos. Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano towering at nearly 14,000 feet, is home to some of the world’s most advanced astronomical observatories.

Mauna Kea: A Celestial Sanctuary

Reaching the summit of Mauna Kea requires a 4-wheel drive vehicle due to the steep and unpaved Saddle Road. The altitude can cause altitude sickness, so it’s important to acclimatize at the Visitor Information Station (VIS) at 9,200 feet for at least 30 minutes before proceeding to the summit.

Mauna Kea Visitor Information Station (VIS): Even if you don’t plan to drive to the summit, the VIS offers incredible stargazing opportunities. They host free stargazing programs most evenings, featuring telescope viewing led by knowledgeable volunteers. Check their website or call ahead for the program schedule because the VIS may be closed depending on weather or other unforeseen problems. Dress warmly, as temperatures at the VIS can drop dramatically at night. Bring blankets, and chairs for comfortable viewing. Consider red flashlights, as they preserve night vision better than white lights.

Stargazing at the Summit (with a tour): While driving yourself to the summit is an option (with a suitable 4-wheel drive vehicle), many visitors opt for a guided tour. Several companies offer Mauna Kea summit stargazing tours. These tours typically include transportation, warm clothing, meals, and expert guidance from astronomy enthusiasts. They’ll point out constellations, explain the significance of the observatories, and share fascinating facts about the universe. The cost ranges from $200 to $300 per person. Here’s some official information about Mauna Kea. Remember to book well in advance, especially during peak season.

Respecting Mauna Kea: Mauna Kea is a sacred place to Native Hawaiians, and it’s essential to be respectful of its cultural and environmental significance. Avoid making loud noises, littering, or disturbing the fragile ecosystem. Stay on designated trails and roads, and do not enter any restricted areas. The building of new telescopes has been politically controversial, so be mindful of the delicate balance of the mountain.

Alternative Stargazing Locations

While Mauna Kea is the most famous stargazing spot, other locations on the Big Island offer excellent views of the night sky:

‘Imiloa Astronomy Center: Located in Hilo, the ‘Imiloa Astronomy Center provides a unique blend of science and culture. The center features interactive exhibits, planetarium shows, and educational programs that explore the connection between Hawaiian traditions and astronomy.

Pu’u o Mahuka Heiau State Historic Site: This ancient Hawaiian temple, located on the Kohala Coast, offers stunning views of the night sky. The site is free to visit, and there are no artificial lights to interfere with your stargazing experience. Please note that entrance is only allowed before sunset. Before you go, read official information about using the State Park space.

Kona Coast Beaches: Many beaches along the Kona Coast offer clear views of the night sky. Find a secluded spot away from city lights, lie back, and enjoy the celestial show. Some popular beaches for stargazing include Makalawena Beach and Kekaha Kai State Park (Manini’owali Beach).

Stargazing Tips for an Unforgettable Night

• Check the moon phase: A full moon can wash out the stars, so plan your stargazing trip around a new moon (when the moon is not visible).
• Find a dark location: Get away from city lights to maximize your visibility of the stars in the night sky.
• Let your eyes adjust to the dark: It takes about 20-30 minutes for your eyes to fully adjust to the dark. Avoid looking at bright lights during this time.
• Use a red flashlight: Red light preserves your night vision better than white light. Cover your flashlight with red cellophane or purchase a red-light flashlight.
• Bring binoculars or a telescope: Binoculars will enhance your view of the stars and constellations. A telescope will allow you to see even more distant objects, such as planets, nebulae, and galaxies.
• Download a stargazing app: Several stargazing apps can help you identify constellations, planets, and other celestial objects. Some popular apps include SkyView, Star Walk, and Night Sky.
• Dress warmly: Even in Hawaii, temperatures can drop significantly at night, especially at higher elevations. Bring warm clothing, including a jacket, hat, and gloves.
• Be patient: Stargazing can take time and patience. Don’t be discouraged if you don’t see everything you expect to see right away. Keep looking up, and you’ll be rewarded with a breathtaking view of the universe.

Combining Volcanic Hikes and Stargazing

For the ultimate Big Island adventure, combine your volcanic hikes with a stargazing experience. Here are a couple of ideas:

Day 1: Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park. Start your day with a hike on the Kīlauea Iki Trail, followed by a visit to the Jaggar Museum Overlook. In the afternoon, explore the Thurston Lava Tube and the Devastation Trail. In the evening, head to the Mauna Kea Visitor Information Station for a stargazing program.

Day 2: Mauna Kea Summit and Kona Coast Stargazing. If you’re up for a challenge, join a Mauna Kea summit tour. Spend the afternoon acclimatizing at the visitor center before venturing to the summit for sunset and stargazing. If you prefer a less strenuous option, hike the Green Sands Beach Trail during the day and then find a secluded spot on the Kona Coast for some peaceful stargazing at night.

Practical Considerations for your Big Island trip

Planning a trip that involves strenuous hiking and high-altitude stargazing requires a bit of extra thought. Here’s what you should consider:

Flights: Fly into either Kona International Airport (KOA) on the west side of the island or Hilo International Airport (ITO) on the east side. Kona is generally better for accessing resorts and beaches, while Hilo is closer to Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park.

Accommodation: Choose accommodation based on your planned activities. Kona offers a wide range of resorts and hotels, while Volcano Village, near the national park, has cozy cabins and bed-and-breakfasts. Hilo has more budget friendly options.

Transportation: Renting a car is essential for exploring the Big Island, especially if you plan to visit remote areas. A 4-wheel drive vehicle is recommended for accessing Mauna Kea summit and some other off-the-beaten-path locations. It’s best to book your rental car well in advance, especially during peak season.

Permits and Reservations: Check the National Park Service website for Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park for any required permits or reservations. You might need a permit for camping in certain areas or joining ranger-led programs. Booking tours and activities, like Mauna Kea summit tours, well in advance is always a good idea.

Health and Safety: Discuss travel plans with your doctor and make sure you are healthy enough for strenuous activity and high altitudes. Pack a basic first-aid kit with essential supplies, including pain relievers, blister treatment, and antiseptic wipes. Get travel insurance that covers medical evacuation and other related expenses.

Responsible Travel: Be a responsible traveler by minimizing your impact on the environment and respecting the local culture. Stay on marked trails, avoid disturbing wildlife, and pack out all your rubbish. Support local businesses and learn about Hawaiian traditions and customs.

FAQ Section

What is the best time of year to visit the Big Island for volcanic hikes and stargazing?

The Big Island enjoys a tropical climate year-round, but the best time to visit for volcanic hikes and stargazing is during the dry season, which runs from April to September. During these months, you’re more likely to have clear skies and pleasant temperatures, ideal for both hiking and stargazing. However, keep in mind that the high altitude regions like Mauna Kea can be cold regardless of the season, so always pack warm clothing.

Do I need a permit to hike in Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park?

You don’t need a permit for day hiking in most areas of Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park but there is an entrance fee to the National Park. However, permits are required for overnight camping in a small number of designated wilderness areas. It’s always a good idea to check the park’s website or contact the visitor center for the most up-to-date information on permit requirements and any temporary closures.

Is it safe to hike near an active volcano?

Hiking near an active volcano can be safe, provided you follow certain precautions. Always stay on marked trails, heed any warnings or closures, and be aware of volcanic gases such as sulfur dioxide. If you have respiratory problems, consult your doctor before hiking in volcanic areas. The National Park Service closely monitors volcanic activity and provides regular updates on trail conditions and safety guidelines. It’s important to also note the risks of unstable ground, especially in areas with recent lava flows, and to wear sturdy footwear.

What should I wear for stargazing on Mauna Kea?

Even though Hawaii is known for its warm weather, stargazing on Mauna Kea requires warm clothing because the summit’s high altitude leads to freezing temperatures, even in summer. Dress in multiple layers, including a thermal base layer, a fleece jacket, an insulated parka, waterproof outer wear, warm pants, gloves, a hat, and sturdy closed-toe shoes or boots. Some tour operators provide rental parkas, but it’s advisable to bring your own warm clothes to ensure you’re comfortable.

Are there any cultural considerations I should be aware of when visiting Mauna Kea?

Yes, Mauna Kea is a sacred site to Native Hawaiians. Show respect by driving carefully, staying on designated trails, minimizing noise, disposing of rubbish properly, and not touching or removing any rocks or cultural artifacts. Avoid visiting the summit at sunrise or sunset, which are considered especially sacred to Native Hawaiians. Some suggest it’s best for tourists to avoid climbing to the summit altogether due to the ongoing cultural controversy. Be considerate of the diverse perspectives and sensitivity surrounding the mountain’s cultural significance.

Can I see the Milky Way from the Big Island?

Absolutely! The Big Island is one of the best locations in the world to see the Milky Way. Its dark skies, high altitude, and lack of light pollution provide ideal conditions for viewing our galaxy. The best time to see the Milky Way is during the new moon phases, when the sky is darkest. Look for the Milky Way stretching across the sky in the southeastern direction. Remember to let your eyes adjust to the darkness for at least 20 minutes to fully appreciate the celestial view. Applications, such as SkyView, can help you orient towards the Milky Way.

Are there any alternatives to visiting Mauna Kea for stargazing?

Yes, there are several alternatives to visiting Mauna Kea for stargazing. The Mauna Kea Visitor Information Station (VIS) at around 9,200 feet offers excellent stargazing opportunities with much easier accessibility and fewer health risks. Other dark sky locations on the Big Island that are great for stargazing include ‘Imiloa Astronomy Center, Pu’u o Mahuka Heiau State Historic Site, and the many beaches along the Kona Coast. These locations provide great views of the night sky without the need for a 4-wheel drive vehicle or concerns about altitude sickness.

References

• Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park, National Park Service
• Mauna Kea Observatories
• ‘Imiloa Astronomy Center
• State of Hawai’i – Division of State Parks

Ready for an adventure that combines fire, earth, and the cosmos? Start planning your Big Island escape today! Book your flights, reserve your rental car, and pack your hiking boots and binoculars. The Big Island’s volcanic landscapes and starry nights await!