Hawaii’s whale watching season, running roughly from November to May, offers an unparalleled opportunity to witness humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) as they migrate to the warm waters of the islands to breed, give birth, and nurse their young. This annual spectacle is a major draw for tourists and locals alike, and knowing where to go and what to expect can significantly enhance your whale watching experience.
Why Hawaii for Whale Watching?
The Hawaiian Islands, particularly the shallow channels between Maui, Molokai, Lanai, and Kahoolawe (known as the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary), provide an ideal environment for humpback whales. These gentle giants migrate thousands of miles from their feeding grounds in Alaska and other northern regions to escape the frigid waters and take advantage of Hawaii’s warmer temperatures and calmer seas. The warm waters are thought to be easier on newborn calves, who lack a thick blubber layer. While the waters around Maui are particularly well known, good viewing opportunities exist around all the main Hawaiian Islands.
Best Time to Go Whale Watching
The peak of whale watching season is typically from January to March. During these months, the whale population is at its highest, and sightings are almost guaranteed. However, you can still see whales in November, December, April, and May, although sightings may be less frequent. Early mornings are often the best time for whale watching because the seas are usually calmer, making it easier to spot whales breaching and exhibiting other behaviors. The calmness also assists tour boats to navigate efficiently to the deeper waters where whale actions are rampant.
Top Whale Watching Spots on Each Island
Maui: The Whale Capital
Maui is arguably the most popular island for whale watching, and for good reason. The Auau Channel, sandwiched between Maui, Lanai, and Molokai, is a haven for humpback whales. The warm, shallow waters provide a protected environment for breeding and calving.
Lahaina and Kaanapali: These towns on Maui’s west coast are prime departure points for whale watching tours. Numerous companies operate out of Lahaina Harbor and offer various tours, from small, intimate zodiac adventures to larger, more stable catamarans. Expect to pay anywhere from $50 to $150 per person, depending on the tour length, type of boat, and included amenities (like snorkeling or drinks). Some tours even guarantee whale sightings, offering a free re-ride if you don’t see any whales.
Maalaea Harbor: Located on Maui’s south coast, Maalaea Harbor is another popular departure point for whale watching tours. This harbor is conveniently located near the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary Visitor Center, where you can learn more about humpback whales and their behavior before heading out on the water. The visitor center provides a great educational foundation for your whale watching experience. You will find information and interactive displays about whale biology, migration patterns and conversation efforts.
Shore-Based Viewing: You don’t necessarily need to take a boat tour to see whales in Maui. Excellent shore-based viewing spots include McGregor Point (near Maalaea) and the scenic overlooks along the Honoapiilani Highway (Highway 30) between Lahaina and Kapalua. Bring binoculars for a better view and keep an eye out for telltale blows (whale spouts). Early mornings and late afternoons often provide the best visibility.
Hawaii Island (The Big Island): Diverse Whale Watching Opportunities
The Big Island offers a variety of whale watching experiences, from Kona’s calmer waters to the more rugged coastline of Kohala.
Kona Coast: The Kona Coast is known for its calm, clear waters, making it ideal for whale watching tours. Several tour operators depart from Kona’s Honokohau Harbor and Keauhou Bay. These tours often combine whale watching with snorkeling or diving, allowing you to experience the underwater world as well as the marine life above. Keep in mind that the waters can sometimes get choppy, especially in the afternoons, so morning tours are generally recommended.
Kohala Coast: The Kohala Coast, on the northwestern side of the island, offers scenic whale watching opportunities. Tours departing from Kawaihae Harbor provide stunning views of the coastline and the chance to see whales breaching against the backdrop of Mauna Kea. This area can experience stronger winds and currents than the Kona Coast, so be sure to check the weather conditions before booking a tour.
Shore-Based Viewing: Good shore-based viewing spots on the Big Island include Pu’ukohola Heiau National Historic Site (near Kawaihae) and various points along the Kohala Coast. The high cliffs offer excellent vantage points for spotting whales, and the historic sites add an extra layer of cultural significance to your experience.
Oahu: Whale Watching Near the City
Oahu offers whale watching opportunities with the convenience of being close to Honolulu and Waikiki. While not as densely populated with whales as Maui, Oahu provides a worthwhile experience, especially for those staying in the capital region.
Waikiki and Honolulu: Several whale watching tours depart from Kewalo Basin Harbor and other locations near Waikiki. These tours offer a chance to see whales while enjoying the views of Oahu’s iconic coastline. Many tours include lunch or drinks, making for a relaxing and enjoyable outing.
North Shore: During winter months, the North Shore of Oahu is famous for its big waves. But it is also a place where you can spot whales from the shore! Look out for spouts from elevated points. However, the swells can make boat tours more challenging on the north shore than the island’s southern side. Consider checking weather reports before deciding whether to book a tour.
Shore-Based Viewing: Diamond Head Lookout and Makapu’u Point are excellent locations for shore-based whale watching on Oahu. Bring binoculars and keep an eye out for whale activity. Makapu’u Point also offers stunning views of the coastline and the neighboring islands.
Kauai: The Garden Isle’s Whale Encounters
Kauai’s dramatic coastline provides a breathtaking backdrop for whale watching. The island’s north and south shores offer different viewing opportunities.
South Shore (Poipu): Poipu is a popular area on Kauai’s south shore and is a great place for whale watching tours. The calmer waters and warmer climate make it ideal for boat trips. Several tour operators depart from Port Allen and offer a variety of whale watching excursions. You may see the whales near the shoreline during your travel period.
North Shore (Hanalei): During the whale season, you can sometimes spot whales from the shores of Hanalei Bay. Although it can be harded to find a whale watching tour boat that operates out of the North Shore, you can certainly have luck viewing from shore with binoculars.
Shore-Based Viewing: Kilauea Point National Wildlife Refuge and Poipu Beach Park offer excellent opportunities for shore-based whale watching on Kauai. The Kilauea Lighthouse provides a high vantage point for spotting whales, and Poipu Beach Park is a beautiful place to relax and enjoy the view. You should remember that the north shore of Kauai can have more rough seas and storms during the winter months.
Choosing the Right Whale Watching Tour
With so many whale watching tours available, it’s essential to choose one that suits your preferences and budget. Here are some factors to consider:
Boat Type:
The kind of boat will significantly affect your experience. Consider the following:
- Catamarans: These vessels are stable and spacious, making them a good choice for families and those prone to seasickness. They often have restrooms, shade, and food/beverage service.
- Zodiacs: These inflatable boats are faster and more maneuverable, allowing you to get closer to the whales. However, they can be bumpy, and there’s limited seating and cover.
- Smaller Boats: Smaller boats provide more intimate experience. You are bound to be closer to the other passengers and the crew if you’re seeking a personalized tour.
Tour Length: Tours typically last from 2 to 4 hours. Longer tours may offer more opportunities to see whales. Especially, if they take you to the deeper sections of water. However, longer tours also mean more time on the water, so consider your comfort level and schedule.
Tour Operator: Research tour operators and read reviews before booking. Look for companies with experienced captains and knowledgeable guides who can provide information about whale behavior and conservation efforts. Check if the tour operator follows responsible whale watching guidelines, such as maintaining a safe distance from the whales and avoiding disturbing their natural behavior. Many companies offer guaranteed sighting policies. If you are not satisfied, then ask to come again on a future date for free.
Amenities: Consider what amenities are important to you, such as restrooms, shade, food, drinks, and snorkeling gear. Some tours offer complimentary snacks and beverages, while others provide full meals. If you’re prone to seasickness, you may want to choose a larger boat and bring motion sickness medication. Look for tours that prioritize environmentally friendly practices. Some operators operate on smaller boats. This could be an environmental perk, since these boats are lighter in the water and require less fuel.
Cost: Whale watching tour prices vary depending on the boat type, tour length, and included amenities. Expect to pay anywhere from $50 to $150 per person, but shop around and compare prices before booking. Consider booking in advance, especially during peak season, as tours tend to sell out quickly. Group discounts are often available.
Ethical Whale Watching Practices
It’s crucial to practice responsible whale watching to minimize disturbance to these magnificent creatures. Here are some guidelines to follow:
Maintain a Safe Distance: Keep a respectful distance from the whales and avoid approaching them too closely. Boats should adhere to the guidelines set by the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary, which recommend staying at least 100 yards away from whales.
Avoid Disturbing Behavior: Do not chase, harass, or feed whales. Avoid making loud noises or sudden movements that could startle or stress them.
Limit Time Spent With Whales: Limit the amount of time spent observing a particular group of whales. Prolonged observation can disrupt their natural behavior and stress them.
Support Responsible Tour Operators: Choose tour operators who follow responsible whale watching guidelines and prioritize the well-being of the whales. Look for companies that educate passengers about whale behavior and conservation.
Report Disturbances: If you witness any activities that are harmful to whales, report them to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) or the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary.
What to Bring on Your Whale Watching Trip
To ensure a comfortable and enjoyable whale watching experience, here’s what you should bring:
- Sunscreen: The Hawaiian sun is strong, so apply sunscreen liberally and reapply throughout the day.
- Hat: A hat will protect your face and neck from the sun.
- Sunglasses: Sunglasses will reduce glare and help you see the whales more clearly.
- Binoculars: Binoculars are essential for spotting whales from a distance.
- Camera: Bring a camera with a zoom lens to capture memorable photos of the whales.
- Water: Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water.
- Snacks: Pack some snacks to keep your energy levels up.
- Motion Sickness Medication: If you’re prone to seasickness, take motion sickness medication before the tour.
- Light Jacket or Sweater: Even on warm days, the ocean breeze can be chilly.
- Towel (if snorkeling): If your tour includes snorkeling, bring a towel to dry off.
Understanding Whale Behavior
Observing whale behavior is one of the highlights of a whale watching trip. Here are some common behaviors to look for:
- Breaching: When a whale leaps out of the water and crashes back down with a splash, it’s breathtaking. Breaching can be a form of communication, a way to remove parasites, or simply a display of energy.
- Lobtailing: When a whale slaps its tail on the surface of the water, it’s called lobtailing. This behavior is thought to be a form of communication or a way to startle prey.
- Pec Slapping: When a whale slaps its pectoral fin (the long fin on its side) on the surface of the water, it’s called pec slapping. This behavior is similar to lobtailing and is also thought to be a form of communication.
- Spyhopping: When a whale pokes its head out of the water to get a look around, it’s called spyhopping. This behavior allows the whale to see its surroundings and is often observed near boats.
- Blowing: When a whale exhales, it creates a visible spray of water and mist known as a blow. The shape and size of the blow can help identify the whale species. Humpback whale blows are typically bushy and about 10-15 feet high.
Conservation Efforts: Protecting Humpback Whales
Humpback whales were once on the brink of extinction due to commercial whaling. However, thanks to international protection and conservation efforts, their populations have rebounded significantly. The Endangered Species Act played a critical role in protecting humpback whales, and the Marine Mammal Protection Act further safeguards them from human activities.
The Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary works to protect humpback whales and their habitat in Hawaiian waters. The sanctuary conducts research, monitors whale populations, and educates the public about whale conservation. It’s vital to support organizations involved in marine conservation, contributing to a healthier future for humpback whales and other marine life. Visiting the Marine Sanctuary in Kihei, Maui is a great way to learn more. You can also contribute to whale conservation by being a responsible tourist and choosing tour operators who follow ethical whale watching practices.
The Cultural Significance of Whales in Hawaii
In Hawaiian culture, whales hold deep significance. They are often seen as symbols of wisdom, family, and protection. Ancient Hawaiians had a profound respect for these marine mammals and incorporated them into their stories, legends, and art. Some native Hawaiian families consider whales as ‘aumākua, or ancestral guardians. These beliefs highlight the importance of respecting and protecting whales, not just for their ecological value but also for their cultural significance. Learning about the cultural significance of whales can enrich your whale watching experience and give you a deeper appreciation for these magnificent creatures.
FAQ Section
When is the best time to see whales in Hawaii?
The peak of whale watching season in Hawaii generally runs from January to March. During these months, the highest number of humpback whales migrate to Hawaiian waters to breed and calve. While whale sightings are possible from November to May, your odds are best during the peak season.
Where are the best places to go whale watching in Hawaii?
Maui is renowned as a prime whale watching destination, especially on the west and south shores. The Big Island’s Kona and Kohala coasts also offer excellent opportunities. Oahu’s south shore and Kauai’s south shore are other good spots. Shore-based viewing can also be rewarding, particularly along Maui’s west coast, Oahu’s Diamond Head, and Kauai’s Kilauea Point.
How much does a whale watching tour cost?
Whale watching tours in Hawaii typically range from $50 to $150 per person. Prices vary depending on the tour duration, the type of boat (catamaran, zodiac, etc.), and any included amenities like meals, drinks, or snorkeling. Booking in advance is recommended, especially during peak season. Researching different operators and comparing prices is advised to find the best deal.
What should I bring on a whale watching tour?
Essentials for a whale watching tour include sunscreen, a hat, sunglasses, binoculars, a camera, water, and snacks. If you are prone to motion sickness, taking medication beforehand is advisable. A light jacket or sweater is also a good idea, as the ocean breeze can be cool. If your tour includes snorkeling, bring a towel.
Are whale watching tours safe for children?
Many whale watching tours are suitable for children. However, it’s essential to choose a tour operator that caters to families and provides appropriate safety measures. Catamarans are generally considered more stable and family-friendly than zodiacs. It’s also wise to check the age restrictions and weather conditions before booking. Always keep a close eye on children during the tour.
What should I do if I see a whale in distress?
If you spot a whale in distress, such as one entangled in fishing gear or injured, it’s crucial to report it immediately to the proper authorities. Contact the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) or the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary. Provide as much detail as possible, including the location, description of the whale’s condition, and any identifying features.
What is the best time of day to see whales?
Early mornings are often the best time to go whale watching. The sea is usually calmer, making it easier to spot whales. Also, whales may be more active in the morning. Some tours will also take place in the early afternoon hours. Check times with the tour boat operators.
References
- Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
Ready to embark on an unforgettable adventure? Book your whale watching tour today and witness the majesty of humpback whales in their natural habitat. Whether you’re on Maui, Oahu, Kauai, or the Big Island, the Hawaiian Islands offer an unparalleled opportunity to connect with these gentle giants and support their conservation. Don’t miss out—the whales are waiting!
