Forget luaus and Waikiki for a moment. Hawaii Volcanoes National Park on the Big Island offers a completely different, awe-inspiring Hawaiian experience far beyond the beach. This isn’t just about seeing a volcano; it’s about hiking through hardened lava fields, exploring lava tubes lit by skylights, witnessing the glow of molten rock (sometimes!), and immersing yourself in a landscape shaped by fiery forces and ancient Hawaiian legends. We’re diving deep into the park’s hidden gems and unforgettable activities that most tourists miss.
Exploring the Kīlauea Iki Trail: A Crater Hike Like No Other
The Kīlauea Iki Trail is arguably one of the most rewarding hikes in the park. It’s a 4-mile loop that takes you down into the crater of Kīlauea Iki, a volcano that last erupted spectacularly in 1959. Imagine walking across a solidified lava lake, surrounded by towering crater walls—it’s an almost otherworldly experience.
The Hike: The trail starts at the Kīlauea Iki Overlook, offering stunning panoramic views. The first part of the hike is a descent through lush rainforest, a stark contrast to the barren lava landscape you’re about to enter. As you descend, notice the dramatic change in vegetation – from ferns and ‘ōhi’a trees to more sparse, specialized plants that can survive the harsh volcanic environment. The trail then leads onto the crater floor itself. Here, you’ll be walking on the solidified lava lake, which is surprisingly flat in some areas and jagged in others. Look out for steam vents emerging from the ground – a reminder of the intense heat still trapped beneath the surface.
Tips & Tricks: Wear sturdy hiking shoes – the lava rock can be uneven and sharp. Bring plenty of water, as there’s no shade on the crater floor, and the sun can be intense. Check the weather forecast before you go, as heavy rain can make the trail slippery and potentially dangerous. Start early in the morning to avoid the midday heat, particularly if you’re hiking during the summer months. Allow at least 3-4 hours to complete the hike, taking time to soak in the unique surroundings.
Difficulty: Moderate. The descent into the crater is relatively steep, and the ascent back out can be challenging, especially in the heat.
Cost: Entrance to the park is $30 per vehicle, valid for 7 days. There are no additional fees for hiking the Kīlauea Iki Trail.
Discovering the Thurston Lava Tube (Nāhuku)
Another must-see is the Thurston Lava Tube (Nāhuku), a 500-year-old lava cave formed when molten lava flowed through the area. As the outer layers of the lava cooled and hardened, the hot lava continued to flow through the center, eventually draining away and leaving behind a tunnel. Today, you can walk through this incredible geological formation.
Inside the Tube: The Thurston Lava Tube is illuminated, making it easy to see the smooth walls and ceiling created by the flowing lava. Ferns and other plants grow near the entrance, thriving in the cool, moist environment. The tube is relatively short, only about 1,000 feet long, but it provides a fascinating glimpse into the volcanic processes that shaped the island.
Tips & Tricks: The Thurston Lava Tube can get crowded, especially during peak hours (10 AM to 2 PM). Consider visiting early in the morning or later in the afternoon to avoid the crowds. The floor of the tube can be damp and slippery, so wear sturdy shoes. The temperature inside the tube is cooler than outside, so bring a light jacket or sweater. Keep an eye out for the native invertebrates that live in the lava tube, such as cave crickets and spiders.
Accessibility: The entrance to the Thurston Lava Tube is accessible via a paved trail. However, there are stairs leading down into the tube itself, which may not be suitable for people with mobility issues.
Cost: Included in the park entrance fee ($30 per vehicle for 7 days).
Witnessing the Halemaʻumaʻu Crater Glow: Jaggar Museum Overlook
While the Jaggar Museum itself is currently closed due to earthquake damage, the overlook remains a popular spot for viewing the Halemaʻumaʻu Crater. This is where you might get a glimpse of the volcanic activity within the crater. The view is especially spectacular at night when the glow from the lava reflects off the plume of volcanic gas. It’s important to check the current volcanic activity reports from the US Geological Survey (USGS) before your visit, as the visibility and intensity of the glow can vary considerably.
Planning Your Visit: The best time to view the crater glow is at night, so plan your visit accordingly. Bring a flashlight or headlamp for navigating the parking lot and viewing area. Dress warmly, as the higher elevation can make it chilly, especially after sunset. Check the park’s website for updates on viewing conditions and potential closures. Remember to be respectful of the environment and other visitors, and avoid making unnecessary noise or using bright lights that could interfere with the view.
Safety First: Be aware that volcanic gases can be harmful, especially for people with respiratory problems. If you’re sensitive to fumes, consider wearing a respirator mask. Stay within designated viewing areas and avoid getting too close to the crater rim.
Alternatives: Depending on volcanic activity, other viewpoints within the park may offer good views of the Halemaʻumaʻu Crater. Check with park rangers for the latest recommendations.
Cost: Included in the park entrance fee ($30 per vehicle for 7 days).
Hiking the Devastation Trail: A Lesson in Ecological Succession
The Devastation Trail is a short, paved trail that winds through a landscape dramatically altered by the 1959 eruption of Kīlauea Iki. It offers a stark reminder of the destructive power of volcanoes, as well as the resilience of nature. The trail is relatively flat and easy, making it accessible for people of all ages and fitness levels.
Understanding the Landscape: As you walk along the trail, you’ll see cinder cones, lava rock, and sparse vegetation. Interpretive signs explain how the landscape has changed since the eruption, and how plants and animals are slowly recolonizing the area. It’s a fascinating example of ecological succession – the process by which a disturbed ecosystem gradually recovers over time.
Flora and Fauna: Look out for ‘ōhi’a lehua trees, the first plants to colonize the lava fields. These hardy trees are able to grow in the nutrient-poor volcanic soil. You might also see native birds, such as the ‘apapane and ‘i’iwi, feeding on the nectar of the ‘ōhi’a flowers.
Photography Tips: The stark contrast between the black lava rock and the green vegetation makes for stunning photographs. Try capturing the textures of the lava rock and the delicate beauty of the ‘ōhi’a flowers. Visit in the early morning or late afternoon for the best lighting.
Cost: Included in the park entrance fee ($30 per vehicle for 7 days).
Exploring the Chain of Craters Road: A Scenic Drive to the Sea
The Chain of Craters Road is a 19-mile scenic drive that descends 3,700 feet from the summit of Kīlauea to the coast. Along the way, you’ll see numerous craters, lava flows, and panoramic views of the surrounding landscape. The road is a testament to the dynamic nature of the volcano, as it has been repeatedly covered and rebuilt after eruptions.
Must-See Stops: There are several pullouts and overlooks along the Chain of Craters Road that offer stunning views. The Lua Manu Crater is a particularly impressive example of a collapsed crater. The Pu’u Huluhulu Overlook provides a panoramic view of the Mauna Ulu eruption site. The Holei Sea Arch is a natural rock arch carved by the ocean waves.
The End of the Road: The road ends at the point where it was covered by a lava flow in 2003. You can walk a short distance to the coastline and see where the lava met the sea. Be sure to wear sturdy shoes, as the terrain is uneven and rocky. The petroglyphs at Pu’u Loa are also accessible via a short hike from the Chain of Craters Road.
Planning Your Drive: Allow at least 2-3 hours to drive the Chain of Craters Road and stop at the various overlooks. Bring water, snacks, and sunscreen, as there are limited facilities along the road. Check the park’s website for updates on road closures and potential hazards.
Cost: Included in the park entrance fee ($30 per vehicle for 7 days).
Ranger Programs: Learn from the Experts
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park offers a variety of ranger-led programs that provide valuable insights into the park’s geology, ecology, and cultural history. These programs are a great way to learn more about the park and ask questions from the experts. Check the park’s website or visitor center for a schedule of upcoming programs.
Types of Programs: Ranger-led programs include guided hikes, talks, demonstrations, and evening programs. They cover a wide range of topics, such as volcanic activity, native plants and animals, and Hawaiian legends. Some programs are offered daily, while others are seasonal.
Benefits of Attending: Ranger-led programs can enhance your understanding and appreciation of the park. They provide an opportunity to learn from knowledgeable and passionate individuals who are dedicated to preserving and interpreting the park’s resources. They’re also a great way to meet other visitors and share your experiences.
Planning Ahead: Some ranger-led programs require reservations, so it’s a good idea to check in advance and make a booking if necessary. Be sure to arrive on time for the program and bring appropriate clothing and gear.
Cost: Ranger-led programs are typically free and included in the park entrance fee ($30 per vehicle for 7 days).
Stargazing: Unveiling the Night Sky
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park offers excellent stargazing opportunities due to its high elevation, relatively clear skies, and lack of light pollution. Away from the coastal resorts, the night sky here is incredibly dark, revealing countless stars, planets, and constellations.
Best Stargazing Spots: The Kīlauea Overlook (if reopened) and the Jaggar Museum overlook (even without the museum itself) are popular spots for stargazing. The higher elevation provides a wider view of the sky, and the darkness enhances the visibility of celestial objects. The parking area near the visitor center also offers good stargazing opportunities.
What to Look For: On a clear night, you can see the Milky Way stretching across the sky, along with numerous constellations, planets, and even the occasional meteor. Look out for familiar constellations such as Orion, Taurus, and Gemini, as well as less familiar constellations specific to the Southern Hemisphere.
Tips for Stargazing: Bring a pair of binoculars or a telescope for a closer look at the stars and planets. Download a stargazing app on your smartphone to help you identify constellations and other celestial objects. Dress warmly, as the higher elevation can make it chilly at night. Use a red flashlight to preserve your night vision. Check the weather forecast before you go, as clouds can obscure the view of the stars. Be respectful of other stargazers and avoid making unnecessary noise or using bright lights.
Cost: Included in the park entrance fee ($30 per vehicle for 7 days).
Backcountry Camping: Immersed in the Wilderness
For a truly immersive experience, consider backcountry camping in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. This allows you to spend the night surrounded by the park’s unique landscapes, far from the crowds and the noise of civilization. However, backcountry camping requires careful planning and preparation.
Permits and Regulations: Backcountry camping requires a permit, which can be obtained from the park’s visitor center. There are specific regulations regarding camping locations, campfires, and waste disposal. Be sure to familiarize yourself with these regulations before you go.
Choosing a Campsite: The park offers several designated backcountry campsites, each with its own unique features. Some campsites are located in forested areas, while others are on open lava fields. Consider your preferences and the difficulty of the hike to each campsite when making your choice. A popular option is the Mauna Loa summit cabins, though they require significant planning and advanced reservation.
Essential Gear: You’ll need to bring all of your own gear, including a tent, sleeping bag, stove, food, water, and first-aid kit. Be prepared for all types of weather conditions, as the temperature can change rapidly. Pack layers of clothing, including rain gear and warm layers. Sturdy hiking boots are essential for navigating the uneven terrain.
Safety Considerations: Be aware of potential hazards, such as volcanic gases, unstable terrain, and wildlife. Stay on marked trails and avoid getting too close to the edges of cliffs or craters. Store your food properly to prevent attracting animals. Carry a map and compass, and know how to use them. Let someone know your itinerary and when you expect to return.
Cost: Camping fees are in addition to the park entrance fee. The cost of a backcountry permit is generally minimal, but specific fees may apply for certain campsites or services.
A Word of Caution: Volcanic Hazards
It’s critical to remember that Hawaii Volcanoes National Park is an active volcanic area, and there are potential hazards to be aware of. Volcanic gases, such as sulfur dioxide, can be harmful to your health, especially for people with respiratory problems. Earthquakes can occur at any time, and they can trigger landslides or rockfalls. Lava flows can be unpredictable and dangerous.
Staying Safe: Pay attention to park rangers’ warnings and advisories. Heed all closures and avoid entering restricted areas. If you’re sensitive to volcanic fumes, consider wearing a respirator mask. Stay on marked trails and avoid getting too close to the edges of cliffs or craters. Be prepared for earthquakes by knowing what to do during and after a tremor. In the event of a volcanic eruption, follow the instructions of park rangers and evacuate the area if necessary. Always check the current volcanic alert level from the US Geological Survey.
Emergency Preparedness: Carry a first-aid kit and know how to use it. Bring plenty of water and snacks, as well as a map and compass. Let someone know your itinerary and when you expect to return. Have a plan in case of an emergency.
Respect the Volcano: Remember that the volcano is a powerful and unpredictable force of nature. Treat it with respect and avoid taking unnecessary risks. By following these safety guidelines, you can have a safe and enjoyable visit to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park.
Embrace the Park’s Cultural Significance
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park isn’t just about geology; it’s also deeply intertwined with Hawaiian culture and mythology. The volcano goddess Pele is revered in Hawaiian traditions, and the park is considered her sacred home. Understanding this cultural significance can enhance your experience.
Pele, the Volcano Goddess: Pele is a powerful and complex figure, often depicted as both a creator and a destroyer. She is believed to reside within the Halemaʻumaʻu Crater, and her presence is felt throughout the park. Learning about Pele’s stories and legends can provide a deeper understanding of the connections between the Hawaiian people and the volcano.
Ancient Sites: The park contains numerous ancient Hawaiian sites, including heiau (temples), petroglyphs (rock carvings), and trails. These sites offer a glimpse into the lives and beliefs of the Native Hawaiians who once lived in the area.
Respectful Behavior: When visiting the park, it’s important to be respectful of the cultural significance of the area. Avoid disturbing or damaging any archaeological sites. Do not remove rocks, plants, or other natural objects from the park, as they may be considered sacred. Be mindful of your behavior and avoid making unnecessary noise or disrespectful comments.
Learning Resources: The park’s visitor center offers exhibits and programs that explore the cultural history of the area. You can also learn about Hawaiian culture by reading books, watching documentaries, and talking to local residents.
FAQ Section
Q: How much does it cost to enter Hawaii Volcanoes National Park?
A: The entrance fee is $30 per vehicle, valid for 7 days. You can also purchase an individual pass for $15, valid for 7 days. The “America the Beautiful” pass, which provides access to all National Parks, is also accepted.
Q: What is the best time to visit Hawaii Volcanoes National Park?
A: The park is open year-round, but the best time to visit depends on your interests. The summer months (June-August) are generally warmer and drier, making them ideal for hiking. The winter months (December-February) are cooler and wetter, but they offer a chance to see snow on Mauna Kea. No matter when you visit, be prepared for variable weather conditions. It’s a good idea to check the weather forecast, including any weather advisories, before your visit.
Q: What should I wear when visiting Hawaii Volcanoes National Park?
A: Wear comfortable, sturdy shoes suitable for hiking. Dress in layers, as the weather can change quickly. Bring a hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen to protect yourself from the sun. If you plan to hike at higher elevations, bring a jacket or sweater, as it can get cold. Rain gear is also recommended, as rain showers are common. Long pants are helpful for hikes to keep lava rock scrapes at bay.
Q: Are there any restaurants inside Hawaii Volcanoes National Park?
A: The Volcano House Hotel has a restaurant, and there are limited food and drink options inside the park, so it’s best to bring your own snacks and water. It’s a good idea to pack a picnic lunch to enjoy at one of the park’s scenic overlooks. The closest town of Volcano also has restaurants, a general store, and lodging options.
Q: Are there guided tours of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park?
A: Yes, various tour operators offer guided tours of the park. These tours can provide valuable insights into the park’s geology, ecology, and cultural history. They can also be a convenient way to see the park if you don’t want to drive yourself. Check with the park’s visitor center for a list of authorized tour operators.
Q: Is there cell phone service in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park?
A: Cell phone service is limited in many areas of the park. Don’t rely solely on your cell phone for navigation or communication. It’s a good idea to download offline maps and bring a portable charger. The Visitor Center typically has Wi-Fi, but connection speeds can vary. Satellite phones and personal location beacons (PLBs) can be used in emergencies.
Q: Can you see lava flowing at Hawaii Volcanoes National Park?
A: The presence of surface lava flows at Hawaii Volcanoes National Park changes over time, depending on current volcanic activity. Kīlauea volcano has had periods of active surface lava flows in the past that have been visible from certain areas within the park. However, these flows can start and stop, or can be confined to specific locations within the Kīlauea caldera. Consult any warnings on the USGS website and local news, as surface lava flow could cause additional hazards in the park.
References
United States Geological Survey (USGS) – Volcano Hazards Program
National Park Service – Hawaii Volcanoes National Park Website
Ready to ditch the crowded beaches and experience the raw power and beauty of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park? Start planning your adventure today! Book your flights to the Big Island, research lodging options near the park (Volcano Village is a great choice), and download the official National Park Service app for maps and updates. Don’t just see Hawaii – feel its incredible energy. Your unforgettable volcanic adventure awaits!
